Nomogram Incorporating Multimodal Transvaginal Ultrasound Assessment at 20 to 24 Weeks' Gestation for Predicting Spontaneous Preterm Delivery in Low-Risk Women.

Background: The majority of women who experience spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) have low-risk, asymptomatic pregnancies with a cervical length (CL) ≥25mm and no clear risk factors. Despite the fact that cervical elastography is a potential tool for predicting SPTD, there is currently no feasible solution to make a reliable prediction for preventing SPTD. Objective: The aim of this study was to construct a nomogram including multimodal transvaginal ultrasound parameters during the second trimester to predict SPTD in low-risk women. Methods: This multi-center study enrolled 1260 women with singleton pregnancies between 20 and 24 weeks' gestation. CL and cervical elastography data were obtained when they were undergoing the second-trimester anomaly scan. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were utilized to screen predictors independently related to SPTD from the maternal characteristics and multimodal ultrasound data. Then construct a nomogram to determine the likelihood of SPTD in pregnant women. Results: A total of 66 pregnancies in the training cohort (7.8%, 66/842) and 37 pregnancies (8.9%, 37/418) in the validation cohort ended in SPTD. Age, uterine curettage, CL, and strain in the anterior lip of internal os were the independent predictors of SPTD (P < 0.001, < 0.001, = 0.007, and < 0.001, respectively). These predictors constituted a nomogram to predict the probability of SPTD for a pregnant woman in her second trimester. It showed good discrimination (C-index = 0.898 and 0.839), calibration (P = 0.258 and 0.115), and yielded net benefits both in the training and validation cohorts. Conclusion: The nomogram including data of multimodal transvaginal ultrasound at 20 to 24 weeks' gestation is expected to identify women with SPTD in the low-risk, asymptomatic population.

Gate-Tunable Electron Injection Based Organic Light-Emitting Diodes for Low-Cost and Low-Voltage Active Matrix Displays.

Low-cost and low-voltage active matrix displays were fabricated by simply patterning gate electrode arrays on a polymer electrolyte (PE)-coated polymer light-emitting diode (PLED). Structurally, a PE capacitor seamlessly stacked on a PLED by sharing a common Al:LiF composite electrode (PEC|PLED). This monolithic integrated organic optoelectronic device was characterized and interpreted as the tunable work function (surface potential) because of the perturbation of accumulated ions on Al:LiF composite electrode by PEC charging and discharging. The modulation of electron injection by the PEC resulted in increases in the electroluminescent brightness, from <100 cd m-2 to >8000 cd m-2, and the external quantum efficiency from <0.025% to 2.4%.